A data center's power bill starts at the server. Annual energy is simply the server's average draw in kilowatts × 8,760 hours, then multiplied by the facility's PUE (power usage effectiveness) to cover cooling and electrical losses. Typical figures at full load:
- 1U CPU server
- ~0.5 kW · 4,380 kWh a year · about US$350 a year at US$0.08/kWh
- Dual-socket storage / database server
- ~0.8 kW · 7,000 kWh a year · about US$560 a year
- 8-GPU AI training server
- ~10.2 kW · about 89,000 kWh a year · about US$7,100 a year
- Liquid-cooled AI rack (GB200-class)
- ~120 kW · about 1.05 GWh a year · about US$84,000 a year
Those are IT-only numbers. At a PUE of 1.3, the meter reads 30% higher, so the 8-GPU server becomes about 116,000 kWh a year at the facility. Real servers average below their nameplate rating, while AI training clusters run close to it around the clock.
To turn server counts into a full facility bill, enter your IT load in the calculator above, or model the whole site, including cooling, construction and payback, in the AI Build Configurator.